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Lesson 7Comparing Numbers and Distance from Zero

Let’s use absolute value and negative numbers to think about elevation.

Learning Targets:

  • I can explain what absolute value means in situations involving elevation.
  • I can use absolute values to describe elevations.
  • I can use inequalities to compare rational numbers and the absolute values of rational numbers.

7.1 Opposites

  1. a is a rational number. Choose a value for a and plot it on the number line.

    A blank number line
    1. Based on where you plotted a , plot \text- a on the same number line.
    2. What is the value of \text- a that you plotted?
  3. Noah said, “If a is a rational number, \text- a will always be a negative number.” Do you agree with Noah? Explain your reasoning.

7.2 Submarine

A submarine is at an elevation of -100 feet (100 feet below sea level). Let’s compare the elevations of these four people to that of the submarine:

  • Clare’s elevation is greater than the elevation of the submarine. Clare is farther from sea level than the submarine.
  • Andre’s elevation is less than the elevation of the submarine. Andre is farther away from sea level than the submarine.
  • Han’s elevation is greater than the elevation of the submarine. Han is closer to sea level than is the submarine.
  • Lin’s elevation is the same distance away from sea level as the submarine’s.
  1. Complete the table as follows.
    1. Write a possible elevation for each person.
    2. Use < , > , or = to compare the elevation of that person to that of the submarine.
    3. Use absolute value to tell how far away the person is from sea level (elevation 0).
    As an example, the first row has been filled with a possible elevation for Clare.
    possible
    elevation    		 compare to
    submarine    		 distance from
    sea level
    Clare 150 feet 150 > \text-100 |150| or 150 feet
    Andre
    Han
    Lin
  2. Priya says her elevation is less than the submarine’s and she is closer to sea level. Is this possible? Explain your reasoning.

7.3 Inequality Mix and Match

Here are some numbers and inequality symbols. Work with your partner to write true comparison statements.

-0.7

\text{-}\frac {6}{3}

-4

\text{-}\frac {3}{5}

-2.5

0

1

2.5

\frac72

4

8

|3|

|\text-8|

|0.7|

|\text{-}\frac {5}{2}|

<

=

>

One partner should select two numbers and one comparison symbol and use them to write a true statement using symbols. The other partner should write a sentence in words with the same meaning, using the following phrases:

  • is equal to
  • is the absolute value of
  • is greater than
  • is less than

For example, one partner could write 4 < 8 and the other would write, “4 is less than 8.” Switch roles until each partner has three true mathematical statements and three sentences written down.

Are you ready for more?

For each question, choose a value for each variable to make the whole statement true. (When the word and is used in math, both parts have to be true for the whole statement to be true.) Can you do it if one variable is negative and one is positive? Can you do it if both values are negative?

  1. x < y and |x| < y .
  2. a < b and |a| < |b| .
  1. c < d and |c| > d .
  2. t < u and |t| > |u| .

Lesson 7 Summary

We can use elevation to help us compare two rational numbers or two absolute values.

  • Suppose an anchor has an elevation of -10 meters and a house has an elevation of 12 meters. To describe the anchor having a lower elevation than the house, we can write \text-10<12 and say “-10 is less than 12.”
  • The anchor is closer to sea level than the house is to sea level (or elevation of 0). To describe this, we can write |\text-10|<|12| and say “the distance between -10 and 0 is less than the distance between 12 and 0.”

We can use similar descriptions to compare rational numbers and their absolute values outside of the context of elevation.

  • To compare the distance of -47.5 and 5.2 from 0, we can say: |\text-47.5| is 47.5 units away from 0, and |5.2| is 5.2 units away from 0, so |\text-47.5|>|5.2| .
  • |\text-18|>4 means that the absolute value of -18 is greater than 4. This is true because 18 is greater than 4.

Lesson 7 Practice Problems

  1. In the context of elevation, what would |\text-7| feet mean?

  2. Match the statements written in English with the mathematical statements.

    1. The number -4 is a distance of 4 units away from 0 on the number line.
    2. The number -63 is more than 4 units away from 0 on the number line.
    3. The number 4 is greater than the number -4.
    4. The numbers 4 and -4 are the same distance away from 0 on the number line.
    5. The number -63 is less than the number 4.
    6. The number -63 is further away from 0 than the number 4 on the number line.
    1. |\text-63| > 4
    2. \text-63 < 4
    3. |\text-63| > |4|
    4. |\text-4| = 4
    5. 4 > \text-4
    6. |4| = |\text-4|

  3. Compare each pair of expressions using >, <, or =.

    1. \text-32  _____ 15

    2. |\text-32| _____ |15|

    3. 5 _____ \text-5

    4. |5| _____ |\text-5|

    1. 2 _____ \text-17

    2. 2 _____ |\text-17|

    3. |\text-27| _____ |\text-45|

    4. |\text-27| _____ \text-45

  4. Mai received and spent money in the following ways last month. For each example, write a signed number to represent the change in money from her perspective.

    1. Her grandmother gave her $25 in a birthday card.
    2. She earned $14 dollars babysitting.
    3. She spent $10 on a ticket to the concert.
    4. She donated $3 to a local charity
    5. She got $2 interest on money that was in her savings account.

  5. Here are the lowest temperatures recorded in the last 2 centuries for some US cities. Temperatures are in degrees Fahrenheit.

    • Death Valley, CA was -45 in January of 1937.
    • Danbury, CT was -37 in February of 1943.
    • Monticello, FL was -2 in February of 1899.
    • East Saint Louis, IL was -36 in January of 1999.
    • Greenville, GA was -17 in January of 1940.
    1. Which of these states has the lowest record temperature?
    2. Which state has a lower record temperature, FL or GA?
    3. Which state has a lower record temperature, CT or IL?
    4. How many more degrees colder is the record temperature for GA than for FL?

  6. Find the quotients.

    1. 0.024 \div 0.015
    2. 0.24 \div 0.015
    3. 0.024 \div 0.15
    4. 24 \div 15